diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index cf9a303..e32ba18 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -19,6 +19,12 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.1.0/).
 - **Proxy URL scheme validation in `load_proxy_tiers()`** — URLs in `PROXY_URLS_DATACENTER` / `PROXY_URLS_RESIDENTIAL` that are missing an `http://` or `https://` scheme are now logged as a warning and skipped, rather than being passed through and causing SSL handshake failures or connection errors at request time. Also fixed a missing `http://` prefix in the dev `.env` `PROXY_URLS_DATACENTER` entry.
 
 ### Changed
+- **Unified confirm dialog — pure HTMX `hx-confirm` + `<form method="dialog">`** — eliminated the `confirmAction()` JS function and the duplicate `cloneNode` hack. All confirmation prompts now go through a single `showConfirm()` Promise-based function called by the `htmx:confirm` interceptor. The dialog HTML uses `<form method="dialog">` for native close semantics (`returnValue` is `"ok"` or `"cancel"`), removing the need to clone and replace buttons on every invocation. All 12 Padelnomics call sites converted from `onclick=confirmAction(...)` to `hx-boost="true"` + `hx-confirm="..."` on the submit button. Pipeline trigger endpoints updated to treat `HX-Boosted: true` requests as non-HTMX (returning a redirect rather than an inline partial) so boosted form submissions flow through the normal redirect cycle. Same changes applied to BeanFlows and the quart-saas-boilerplate template.
+  - `web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/base_admin.html`: replaced dialog `<div>` with `<form method="dialog">`, replaced `confirmAction()` + inline `htmx:confirm` handler with unified `showConfirm()` + single `htmx:confirm` listener
+  - `web/src/padelnomics/admin/pipeline_routes.py`: `pipeline_trigger_extract` and `pipeline_trigger_transform` now exclude `HX-Boosted: true` from the HTMX partial path
+  - 12 templates updated: `pipeline.html`, `partials/pipeline_extractions.html`, `affiliate_form.html`, `affiliate_program_form.html`, `partials/affiliate_program_results.html`, `partials/affiliate_row.html`, `generate_form.html`, `articles.html`, `audience_contacts.html`, `template_detail.html`, `partials/scenario_results.html`
+  - Same changes mirrored to BeanFlows and quart-saas-boilerplate template
+
 - **Per-proxy dead tracking in tiered cycler** — `make_tiered_cycler` now accepts a `proxy_failure_limit` parameter (default 3). Individual proxies that hit the limit are marked dead and permanently skipped by `next_proxy()`. If all proxies in the active tier are dead, `next_proxy()` auto-escalates to the next tier without needing the tier-level threshold. `record_failure(proxy_url)` and `record_success(proxy_url)` accept an optional `proxy_url` argument for per-proxy tracking; callers without `proxy_url` are fully backward-compatible. New `dead_proxy_count()` callable exposed for monitoring.
   - `extract/padelnomics_extract/src/padelnomics_extract/proxy.py`: added per-proxy state (`proxy_failure_counts`, `dead_proxies`), updated `next_proxy`/`record_failure`/`record_success`, added `dead_proxy_count`
   - `extract/padelnomics_extract/src/padelnomics_extract/playtomic_tenants.py`: `_fetch_page_via_cycler` passes `proxy_url` to `record_success`/`record_failure`
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/pipeline_routes.py b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/pipeline_routes.py
index 3bc926f..623b649 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/pipeline_routes.py
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/pipeline_routes.py
@@ -780,7 +780,8 @@ async def pipeline_trigger_extract():
     else:
         await enqueue("run_extraction")
 
-    is_htmx = request.headers.get("HX-Request") == "true"
+    is_htmx = (request.headers.get("HX-Request") == "true"
+               and request.headers.get("HX-Boosted") != "true")
     if is_htmx:
         return await _render_overview_partial()
 
@@ -1005,7 +1006,8 @@ async def pipeline_trigger_transform():
         (task_name,),
     )
     if existing:
-        is_htmx = request.headers.get("HX-Request") == "true"
+        is_htmx = (request.headers.get("HX-Request") == "true"
+                   and request.headers.get("HX-Boosted") != "true")
         if is_htmx:
             return await _render_transform_partial()
         await flash(f"A '{step}' task is already queued (task #{existing['id']}).", "warning")
@@ -1013,7 +1015,8 @@ async def pipeline_trigger_transform():
 
     await enqueue(task_name)
 
-    is_htmx = request.headers.get("HX-Request") == "true"
+    is_htmx = (request.headers.get("HX-Request") == "true"
+               and request.headers.get("HX-Boosted") != "true")
     if is_htmx:
         return await _render_transform_partial()
 
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/affiliate_form.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/affiliate_form.html
index 5ea6366..95e26b2 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/affiliate_form.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/affiliate_form.html
@@ -226,10 +226,9 @@ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
             <a href="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_products') }}" class="btn-outline">Cancel</a>
           </div>
           {% if editing %}
-          <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_delete', product_id=product_id) }}" style="margin:0">
+          <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_delete', product_id=product_id) }}" style="margin:0" hx-boost="true">
             <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
             <button type="submit" class="btn-outline"
-                    onclick="event.preventDefault(); confirmAction('Delete this product? This cannot be undone.', this.closest('form'))">Delete</button>
           </form>
           {% endif %}
         </div>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/affiliate_program_form.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/affiliate_program_form.html
index 70c62a9..524d47f 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/affiliate_program_form.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/affiliate_program_form.html
@@ -120,10 +120,9 @@ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
             <a href="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_programs') }}" class="btn-outline">Cancel</a>
           </div>
           {% if editing %}
-          <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_program_delete', program_id=program_id) }}" style="margin:0">
+          <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_program_delete', program_id=program_id) }}" style="margin:0" hx-boost="true">
             <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
             <button type="submit" class="btn-outline"
-                    onclick="event.preventDefault(); confirmAction('Delete this program? Blocked if products reference it.', this.closest('form'))">Delete</button>
           </form>
           {% endif %}
         </div>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/articles.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/articles.html
index c8133d4..80acc2a 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/articles.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/articles.html
@@ -11,9 +11,10 @@
     </div>
     <div class="flex gap-2">
       <a href="{{ url_for('admin.article_new') }}" class="btn btn-sm">New Article</a>
-      <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.rebuild_all') }}" class="m-0" style="display:inline">
+      <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.rebuild_all') }}" class="m-0" style="display:inline" hx-boost="true">
         <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
-        <button type="button" class="btn-outline btn-sm" onclick="confirmAction('Rebuild all articles? This will re-render every article from its template.', this.closest('form'))">Rebuild All</button>
+        <button type="submit" class="btn-outline btn-sm"
+                hx-confirm="Rebuild all articles? This will re-render every article from its template.">Rebuild All</button>
       </form>
     </div>
   </header>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/audience_contacts.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/audience_contacts.html
index b48de55..e3e2187 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/audience_contacts.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/audience_contacts.html
@@ -27,10 +27,11 @@
           <td class="text-sm">{{ c.email if c.email is defined else (c.get('email', '-') if c is mapping else '-') }}</td>
           <td class="mono text-sm">{{ (c.created_at if c.created_at is defined else (c.get('created_at', '-') if c is mapping else '-'))[:16] if c else '-' }}</td>
           <td style="text-align:right">
-            <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.audience_contact_remove', audience_id=audience.audience_id) }}" style="display:inline">
+            <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.audience_contact_remove', audience_id=audience.audience_id) }}" style="display:inline" hx-boost="true">
               <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
               <input type="hidden" name="contact_id" value="{{ c.id if c.id is defined else (c.get('id', '') if c is mapping else '') }}">
-              <button type="button" class="btn-outline btn-sm" style="color:#DC2626" onclick="confirmAction('Remove this contact from the audience?', this.closest('form'))">Remove</button>
+              <button type="submit" class="btn-outline btn-sm" style="color:#DC2626"
+                      hx-confirm="Remove this contact from the audience?">Remove</button>
             </form>
           </td>
         </tr>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/base_admin.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/base_admin.html
index 9cc68ef..6f8c0aa 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/base_admin.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/base_admin.html
@@ -228,36 +228,29 @@
 
 <dialog id="confirm-dialog">
   <p id="confirm-msg"></p>
-  <div class="dialog-actions">
-    <button id="confirm-cancel" class="btn-outline btn-sm">Cancel</button>
-    <button id="confirm-ok" class="btn btn-sm">Confirm</button>
-  </div>
+  <form method="dialog" class="dialog-actions">
+    <button value="cancel" class="btn-outline btn-sm">Cancel</button>
+    <button value="ok" class="btn btn-sm">Confirm</button>
+  </form>
 </dialog>
 <script>
-function confirmAction(message, form) {
+function showConfirm(message) {
   var dialog = document.getElementById('confirm-dialog');
   document.getElementById('confirm-msg').textContent = message;
-  var ok = document.getElementById('confirm-ok');
-  var newOk = ok.cloneNode(true);
-  ok.replaceWith(newOk);
-  newOk.addEventListener('click', function() { dialog.close(); form.submit(); });
-  document.getElementById('confirm-cancel').addEventListener('click', function() { dialog.close(); }, { once: true });
   dialog.showModal();
+  return new Promise(function(resolve) {
+    dialog.addEventListener('close', function() {
+      resolve(dialog.returnValue === 'ok');
+    }, { once: true });
+  });
 }
 
-// Intercept hx-confirm to use the styled dialog instead of window.confirm()
 document.body.addEventListener('htmx:confirm', function(evt) {
-  if (!evt.detail.question) return; // no hx-confirm on this element, let HTMX proceed
-  var dialog = document.getElementById('confirm-dialog');
-  if (!dialog) return; // fallback: let HTMX use native confirm
+  if (!evt.detail.question) return;
   evt.preventDefault();
-  document.getElementById('confirm-msg').textContent = evt.detail.question;
-  var ok = document.getElementById('confirm-ok');
-  var newOk = ok.cloneNode(true);
-  ok.replaceWith(newOk);
-  newOk.addEventListener('click', function() { dialog.close(); evt.detail.issueRequest(true); }, { once: true });
-  document.getElementById('confirm-cancel').addEventListener('click', function() { dialog.close(); }, { once: true });
-  dialog.showModal();
+  showConfirm(evt.detail.question).then(function(ok) {
+    if (ok) evt.detail.issueRequest(true);
+  });
 });
 </script>
 {% endblock %}
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/generate_form.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/generate_form.html
index 1b7c137..33e3298 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/generate_form.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/generate_form.html
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
       <p class="text-slate text-sm">No data rows found. Run the data pipeline to populate <code>{{ config_data.data_table }}</code>.</p>
     </div>
     {% else %}
-    <form method="post" class="card">
+    <form method="post" class="card" hx-boost="true">
       <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
 
       <div class="mb-4">
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@
         </p>
       </div>
 
-      <button type="button" class="btn" style="width: 100%;" onclick="confirmAction('Generate articles? Existing articles will be updated in-place.', this.closest('form'))">
+      <button type="submit" class="btn" style="width: 100%;"
+              hx-confirm="Generate articles? Existing articles will be updated in-place.">
         Generate Articles
       </button>
     </form>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/affiliate_program_results.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/affiliate_program_results.html
index 71f7b41..66c3a1d 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/affiliate_program_results.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/affiliate_program_results.html
@@ -21,10 +21,9 @@
   </td>
   <td class="text-right" style="white-space:nowrap">
     <a href="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_program_edit', program_id=prog.id) }}" class="btn-outline btn-sm">Edit</a>
-    <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_program_delete', program_id=prog.id) }}" style="display:inline">
+    <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_program_delete', program_id=prog.id) }}" style="display:inline" hx-boost="true">
       <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
       <button type="submit" class="btn-outline btn-sm"
-              onclick="event.preventDefault(); confirmAction('Delete {{ prog.name }}? This is blocked if products reference it.', this.closest('form'))">Delete</button>
     </form>
   </td>
 </tr>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/affiliate_row.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/affiliate_row.html
index 3d62461..7663208 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/affiliate_row.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/affiliate_row.html
@@ -20,10 +20,9 @@
   <td class="mono text-right">{{ product.click_count or 0 }}</td>
   <td class="text-right" style="white-space:nowrap">
     <a href="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_edit', product_id=product.id) }}" class="btn-outline btn-sm">Edit</a>
-    <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_delete', product_id=product.id) }}" style="display:inline">
+    <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.affiliate_delete', product_id=product.id) }}" style="display:inline" hx-boost="true">
       <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
       <button type="submit" class="btn-outline btn-sm"
-              onclick="event.preventDefault(); confirmAction('Delete {{ product.name }}?', this.closest('form'))">Delete</button>
     </form>
   </td>
 </tr>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/pipeline_extractions.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/pipeline_extractions.html
index de54678..40a6691 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/pipeline_extractions.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/pipeline_extractions.html
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@
       </div>
     </form>
 
-    <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('pipeline.pipeline_trigger_extract') }}" class="m-0">
+    <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('pipeline.pipeline_trigger_extract') }}" class="m-0" hx-boost="true">
       <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
-      <button type="button" class="btn-outline btn-sm"
-              onclick="confirmAction('Enqueue a full extraction run? This will run all extractors in the background.', this.closest('form'))">
+      <button type="submit" class="btn-outline btn-sm"
+              hx-confirm="Enqueue a full extraction run? This will run all extractors in the background.">
         Run All Extractors
       </button>
     </form>
@@ -112,11 +112,11 @@
             {% if run.status == 'running' %}
             <form method="post"
                   action="{{ url_for('pipeline.pipeline_mark_stale', run_id=run.run_id) }}"
-                  class="m-0">
+                  class="m-0" hx-boost="true">
               <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
-              <button type="button" class="btn-danger btn-sm"
+              <button type="submit" class="btn-danger btn-sm"
                       style="padding:2px 8px;font-size:11px"
-                      onclick="confirmAction('Mark run #{{ run.run_id }} as failed? Only do this if the process is definitely dead.', this.closest('form'))">
+                      hx-confirm="Mark run #{{ run.run_id }} as failed? Only do this if the process is definitely dead.">
                 Mark Failed
               </button>
             </form>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/scenario_results.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/scenario_results.html
index d742914..3ba3047 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/scenario_results.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/partials/scenario_results.html
@@ -36,9 +36,10 @@
         <a href="{{ url_for('admin.scenario_pdf', scenario_id=s.id, lang='en') }}" class="btn-outline btn-sm">PDF EN</a>
         <a href="{{ url_for('admin.scenario_pdf', scenario_id=s.id, lang='de') }}" class="btn-outline btn-sm">PDF DE</a>
         <a href="{{ url_for('admin.scenario_edit', scenario_id=s.id) }}" class="btn-outline btn-sm">Edit</a>
-        <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.scenario_delete', scenario_id=s.id) }}" class="m-0" style="display: inline;">
+        <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.scenario_delete', scenario_id=s.id) }}" class="m-0" style="display: inline;" hx-boost="true">
           <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
-          <button type="button" class="btn-outline btn-sm" onclick="confirmAction('Delete this scenario? This cannot be undone.', this.closest('form'))">Delete</button>
+          <button type="submit" class="btn-outline btn-sm"
+                  hx-confirm="Delete this scenario? This cannot be undone.">Delete</button>
         </form>
       </td>
     </tr>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/pipeline.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/pipeline.html
index 511b11b..96ea282 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/pipeline.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/pipeline.html
@@ -57,11 +57,11 @@
       <p class="text-sm text-slate mt-1">Extraction status, data catalog, and ad-hoc query editor</p>
     </div>
     <div class="flex gap-2">
-      <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('pipeline.pipeline_trigger_transform') }}" class="m-0">
+      <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('pipeline.pipeline_trigger_transform') }}" class="m-0" hx-boost="true">
         <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
         <input type="hidden" name="step" value="pipeline">
-        <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm"
-                onclick="confirmAction('Run full ELT pipeline (extract → transform → export)? This runs in the background.', this.closest('form'))">
+        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-sm"
+                hx-confirm="Run full ELT pipeline (extract → transform → export)? This runs in the background.">
           Run Pipeline
         </button>
       </form>
diff --git a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/template_detail.html b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/template_detail.html
index d0ca524..5395c02 100644
--- a/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/template_detail.html
+++ b/web/src/padelnomics/admin/templates/admin/template_detail.html
@@ -13,9 +13,10 @@
     </div>
     <div class="flex gap-2">
       <a href="{{ url_for('admin.template_generate', slug=config_data.slug) }}" class="btn">Generate Articles</a>
-      <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.template_regenerate', slug=config_data.slug) }}" style="display:inline">
+      <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('admin.template_regenerate', slug=config_data.slug) }}" style="display:inline" hx-boost="true">
         <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
-        <button type="button" class="btn-outline" onclick="confirmAction('Regenerate all articles for this template with fresh data? Existing articles will be overwritten.', this.closest('form'))">
+        <button type="submit" class="btn-outline"
+                hx-confirm="Regenerate all articles for this template with fresh data? Existing articles will be overwritten.">
           Regenerate
         </button>
       </form>